On the part of the learner, for example, previous knowledge, previous experience and motivation must be taken into account. Successful learning can only be achieved if the material builds on previous knowledge. Piaget's work on cognitive development is also of great relevance here. In addition, by taking into account previous knowledge, frustration experiences on the part of the child are avoided. In addition to previous knowledge, motivation expenses must also be taken into account. In the case of children with a refugee history or migration experience, appropriate cultural backgrounds and language skills should be asked for.  On the part of the teacher, it is necessary to reflect on which competencies, abilities and skills are available, i.e. in the sense of resources that can be brought into the material work.

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Example questions:

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• What basic skills do the students have?

• What needs do my students have?

• What language requirements do my students have?

• What is the cultural background of my students?

• What are my students' interests?

• What knowledge do the teachers involved have?